Title: Demographic And Regional Trends In Intracranial Injury-Related Mortality In The United States (1999-2020): A Nationwide Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Muhammad Hassan Waseem, Zain ul Abideen, Sania Aimen, Justin Chen, Jamir Pitton Rissardo, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Conference: 2025 CNS Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, CA
Introduction
Intracranial injuries are a significant cause of mortality, with varying rates influenced by demographic and regional factors.
Objectives
This study examines trends in intracranial injury-related deaths among adults in the United States from 1999 to 2020.
Methods
Death certificate data were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database using the multiple-cause of death MCD-ICD 10 codes (S06.0-S06.9) for patients aged ≥ 25. Crude death rate and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) /100,000 were calculated. Annual percentage changes (APC) along with 95% CIs were analyzed using the Joinpoint regression program and stratified according to age, gender, race, state, and census region.
Results
There were 331,275 intracranial injury-related deaths in the US from 1999-2020. The AAMR showed a slight decrease in mortality from 1999 to 2020 (APC= -0.45, 95% CI: [-0.67, -0.24]. Men had a consistently higher AAMR than women from 1999 (AAMR men: 11.4 vs women: 4.5) to 2020 (AAMR men:10.6 vs women:4.7). On racial analysis, NH American Indian demonstrated the highest AAMR (9.1), followed by Non-Hispanic (NH) white (7.5) and NH blacks (5.8). The highest state-level AAMR was recorded in Wyoming (16.2) and the lowest in New Jersey (4.1). The Midwestern region showed the highest AAMR according to the census region (8.1). Most intracranial injury-related deaths occurred in the medical facility (60.7%).
Conclusions
Intracranial injury-related mortality in the U.S. slightly declined from 1999 to 2020, with men and NH American Indians exhibiting the highest age-adjusted mortality rates. Geographic disparities were evident, with Wyoming and the Midwest reporting the highest rates, and the majority of deaths occurring in medical facilities.
Citation
Waseem MH, Abideen Z, Aimen S, Chen J, Pitton Rissardo J, Lucke-Wold B. Demographic And Regional Trends In Intracranial Injury-Related Mortality In The United States (1999-2020): A Nationwide Retrospective Analysis. CNS Annual Meeting 2025;2025: 4328. https://www.cns.org/poster-search?id= 4328
Figure. Gender-specific intracranial injury-related mortality rates in the United States (1999–2020), illustrating temporal trends and disparities between male and female populations.
Figure. Race-specific intracranial injury-related mortality rates in the United States (1999–2020), highlighting temporal patterns and disparities among racial groups.