Article type: Review Article
Article
title: Valproate-associated movement disorder: a literature review
Journal: Prague
Medical Report
Year: 2021
Authors: Jamir Pitton Rissardo, Ana Letícia Fornari
Caprara, Ícaro Durante
E-mail: jamirrissardo@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Valproate (VPA) was first synthesized in 1882, but it
was only in the early 1960s that its anticonvulsant properties were discovered.
The aim of this literature review is to evaluate the clinical epidemiological
profile, pathological mechanisms, and management of VPA-associated movement
disorder (MD). Relevant reports in six databases were identified and assessed
by two reviewers without language restriction. A total of 138 reports
containing 362 cases of subjects who developed a MD secondary to VPA were reported.
The MD identified were parkinsonism (PKN) (252), myoclonus (MCL) (54), dystonia
(DTN) (17), dyskinesia (DKN) (16), stutters (4), tics (3), akathisia (AKT) (1).
In the not clearly defined group, 15 extrapyramidal symptoms, 3 AKT, 2 DTN, 1
rigidity, 1 unstable gait were assessed. The mean and median age was 55.8 (SD:
16.58) and 61 years (range: 4–87 years). The most common VPA-indication was
epilepsy, and 51.36% were males. The mean and median time from the VPA start to
the MD onset was 32.75 (SD: 30.05) and 21.15 months (range: 1 day – 20 years).
The mean and median time from the VPA withdrawal until the MD recovery was 2.89
(SD: 2.79) and 3 months (1 day – 12 months). The most common management was
drug withdrawal. A complete recovery was obtained in 80.61%. VPA-associated MD
was extensively reported in the literature. PKN was the most well-described.
Future studies need to clearly report the clinical history of the patient,
considering the full investigation of other adverse events during their entire
life.
Keywords: Valproate, valproic acid,
review, movement disorder, drug-induced
Full text available at:
https://pmr.lf1.cuni.cz/122/3/0140/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34606429/
DOI
10.14712/23362936.2021.14
Citation
Rissardo JP, Fornari Caprara AL, Durante I.
Valproate-associated movement disorder: a literature review. Prague Med Rep
2021;122:140-180
