In 1895, Erb & Westphal described muscle stretch reflexes
2) Taylor
- Madison Taylor in Philadelphia, 1888
- probably, 1st reflex hammer
3) Krauss
- William Christopher Krauss, 1894
4) Berliner
- Bernhard Berliner, 1910
- Berliner guarantees ankle reflex
5) Déjerine
- Jules Joseph Dejerine, 1910
6) Strumpell
- Adolf von Strümpell, 1910
7) Tromner
- Ernst Trömner, 1910
- larger mallet is used to elicit tendon stretch reflexes, and the smaller mallet is used to elicit percussion
8) Babinski
- Joseph Babiński, 1912
- When the head is oriented parallel to the handle, it’s a Rabiner hammer. Most versions today have a pivoting head and would be more accurately called Babinski-Rabiner hammers.
9) (Original) Queen square
- Miss Wintle (nurse), 1925
- originally made with a bamboo or cane handle of varying length
- Queen Square is rigid, while Babinski is smaller and telescopic, with a shorter handle
10) (Big) Queen square
11) (Today) Queen square
12) Buck
- Buck and Henri Meige
- Albert Henry Buck?
13) Wintrich
- Max A. Wintrich, 1841
14) Wintrich variations
Left, original version, 1841
Center, a later modification by Wintrich, 1854
Right, Ebstein’s modification, the “reflex and sensibility tester,” 1912
15) Skoda
- Josef Skoda
- Charcot considered the best hammer for obtaining the patellar reflex
16) Vernon
- Henry Vernon, 1858
17) McGill
18) Unnamed
- URSS
19) Unnamed
- URSS
20) Unnamed
- URSS
21) Reflex hammer torque
