Video 3.1 (C3c1): Chemotherapy-Induced Parkinsonism
Profound akinetic-rigid parkinsonism following intrathecal methotrexate and cytarabine, with inability to move, speak, or swallow. Marked improvement occurred with levodopa therapy.
Video 3.2 (C3c2): Gemcitabine-Induced Parkinsonism
Subacute symmetric parkinsonism developing after gemcitabine treatment, characterized by gait impairment, hand posturing, and bradykinesia, which resolved after levodopa treatment and drug withdrawal.
Video 3.3 (C3c3): Drug-Induced Parkinsonism Unmasking PD
Bilateral rest tremor, bradykinesia, cogwheel rigidity, and postural tremor related to chlorpromazine exposure, later revealed underlying Parkinson's disease.
Video 3.4 (C3c4): Risperidone-Induced Worsening of PD
Marked deterioration of established Parkinson's disease with worsening tremor, rigidity, drooling, and gait after risperidone initiation.
Video 3.5 (C3c5): Aripiprazole-Induced Parkinsonism
Mild asymmetric parkinsonism associated with aripiprazole exposure, followed by progression consistent with underlying Parkinson's disease.
Video 3.6 (C3c6): Drug-Induced Tremulous Parkinsonism
Prominent bilateral resting tremor with mild asymmetric bradykinesia and preserved gait.
Video 3.7 (C3c7): Mild Drug-Induced Parkinsonism
Subtle parkinsonian features including mild rest tremor, left-sided bradykinesia, and reduced arm swing.
Video 3.8 (C3c8): Drug-Induced Parkinsonism with Tardive Features
Classic parkinsonian rest tremor with mild asymmetric bradykinesia, rigidity, and associated chewing dyskinesia.
Video 3.9 (C3c9): Osmotic Myelinolysis-Induced Parkinsonism
Mixed parkinsonism and dystonia with facial dystonia, dysarthria, and dramatic dopaminergic responsiveness.
Video 3.10 (C3c10): Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome with Dystonia
Bilateral bradykinesia accompanied by foot dystonia that improved during walking.
Video 3.11 (C3c11): Postanoxic Parkinsonism
Symmetric parkinsonism with hypophonia, rigidity, bradykinesia, severe freezing of gait, and impaired postural reflexes.
Video 3.12 (C3c12): PSP-Like Syndrome Following Aortic Surgery
Severe supranuclear gaze palsy, facial masking, dysarthria, and palilalia with only mild appendicular parkinsonism.
Video 3.13 (C3c13): Mitochondrial Injury-Induced Parkinsonism
Severe parkinsonism with jaw-opening dystonia, marked bradykinesia, absent arm swing, toe walking, and postural instability.
Video 3.14 (C3c14): Structural Hemiparkinsonism-Hemidystonia
Unilateral parkinsonian rest tremor with dystonic hand posturing and striatal toe.
Video 3.15 (C3c15): True Vascular Parkinsonism
Right-sided parkinsonism associated with ipsilateral third nerve palsy, featuring classic pill-rolling tremor and mild rigidity.
Video 3.16 (C3c16): Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome with Parkinsonism
Parkinsonism associated with shunt over-drainage, characterized by vertical gaze impairment, facial masking, and mild asymmetric bradykinesia.
Video 3.17 (C3c17): Parkinsonism-Hyperpyrexia Syndrome
Severe rigidity and myoclonus following interruption of dopaminergic therapy, with subsequent recovery.
Video 3.18 (C3c18): Lower-Body Parkinsonism
Predominant lower-extremity bradykinesia with hypophonia, abulia, severe freezing of gait, and spontaneous retropulsion.
Video 3.19 (C3c19): Severe Lower-Body Parkinsonism
Normal upper-body examination with profound postural instability, inability to stand independently, and severe retropulsion.
Video 3.20 (C3c20): Unilateral Freezing of Gait (Right Leg)
Isolated freezing of the right leg during walking, improving with visual and rhythmic cueing strategies.
Video 3.21 (C3c21): Unilateral Freezing of Gait (Left Leg)
Freezing of the left leg during gait with marked improvement during backward walking, running, and stepping over obstacles.
Video 3.22 (C3c22): Postanoxic Parkinsonism with Akinetic Mutism
Profound bradyphrenia, hypophonia, akinetic mutism, and severe impairment of voluntary movement despite preserved cognition.
Video 3.23 (C3c23): Abulia
Marked loss of initiative and speech with limited voluntary movement, increased tone, and preserved wakefulness.
Video 3.24 (C3c24): Catatonia Mimicking Parkinsonism
Psychiatric catatonia presenting with rigidity, posturing, immobility, and marked psychomotor slowing.
Video 3.25 (C3c25): Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)
Wide-based hesitant gait with preserved seated examination, positive pull test, and ventriculomegaly on MRI.
Video 3.26 (C3c26): NPH Responsive to CSF Diversion
Wide-based shuffling gait and impaired turning that improved following lumbar drainage and ventriculoperitoneal shunting.
Video 3.27 (C3c27): NPH with Freezing of Gait
Magnetic gait, start hesitation, freezing, and postural instability that markedly improved after lumbar drainage and VP shunt placement.
Video 3.28 (C3c28): NPH with Severe Magnetic Gait
Profound gait ignition failure and magnetic gait with substantial improvement after CSF drainage and shunting.
Video 3.29 (C3c29): NPH with Long-Term Shunt Benefit
Magnetic shuffling gait and postural instability demonstrating sustained improvement after lumbar drainage trial and VP shunt surgery.