Video 4.1 (C4c2): Early PSP with Freezing of Gait
Mild vertical saccadic slowing, impaired vertical OKNs, significant freezing on turning, and impaired postural reflexes.
Video 4.2 (C4c3): Early PSP-Richardson Syndrome
Rare square wave jerks, round-the-house vertical saccades, abnormal vertical OKNs, and otherwise preserved gait and appendicular function.
Video 4.3 (C4c4): PSP with Freezing and Postural Instability
Vertical gaze impairment, square wave jerks, severe freezing on turning, and failure to recover on pull test.
Video 4.4 (C4c5): PSP with Gunslinger's Gait
Quizzical stare, prominent square wave jerks, vertical supranuclear signs, gunslinger's posture, and impaired balance.
Video 4.5 (C4c6): PSP with Vertical Gaze Palsy
Frequent square wave jerks, clear vertical supranuclear gaze defect, absent vertical OKN quick phases, and applause sign.
Video 4.6 (C4c7): PSP with Mild Gait Impairment
Facial masking, dysarthria, slowing of vertical saccades, impaired vertical OKNs, and relatively preserved balance.
Video 4.7 (C4c8): Mild PSP
Square wave jerks, round-the-house saccades, vertical gaze slowing, and preserved gait.
Video 4.8 (C4c9): PSP with Quizzical Stare
Mild parkinsonism, frequent square wave jerks, vertical saccadic slowing, and slow but stable gait.
Video 4.9 (C4c10): Early PSP with Gunslinger's Gait
Square wave jerks, mild vertical gaze slowing, and arm abduction while walking.
Video 4.10 (C4c11): PSP with Freezing of Gait
Vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, hypophonic scanning speech, freezing on turning, and impaired postural stability.
Video 4.11 (C4c14): Advanced PSP-Richardson Syndrome
Moderate vertical saccadic slowing, appendicular parkinsonism, severe gait instability, and freezing.
Video 4.12 (C4c15): PSP with Tectal Atrophy
Prominent square wave jerks, round-the-house vertical saccades, and slow walker gait with MRI evidence of tectal thinning.
Video 4.13 (C4c16): Advanced PSP with Dysarthria
Severe parkinsonism, absent downgaze, broad-based gait, and prominent gunslinger's posture.
Video 4.14 (C4c17): PSP with Gait Failure
Square wave jerks, vertical gaze impairment, preserved hand movements, and severe gait dysfunction requiring a walker.
Video 4.15 (C4c18): PSP with Marked Vertical Gaze Palsy
Prominent quizzical stare, severe vertical gaze limitation, absent vertical OKNs, and gunslinger's gait.
Video 4.16 (C4c19): PSP with Dysarthria and Imbalance
Severe dysarthria, square wave jerks, impaired vertical eye movements, applause sign, and impulsive unsteady gait.
Video 4.17 (C4c20): PSP with Strained Speech
Vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, square wave jerks, strained dysarthric speech, and preserved arm swing.
Video 4.18 (C4c21): PSP with Eyelid Opening Apraxia
Eyelid opening apraxia, round-the-house saccades, mild appendicular parkinsonism, and poor pull-test recovery.
Video 4.19 (C4c22): Advanced PSP with Eyelid Opening Apraxia
Profound parkinsonism, severe eyelid opening apraxia, freezing of gait, applause sign, and absent recovery on pull test.
Video 4.20 (C4c23): Advanced PSP with Near-Absent Vertical Saccades
Strangled dysarthric speech, eyelid opening apraxia, severe vertical gaze palsy, and marked postural instability.
Video 4.21 (C4c24): PSP with Facial Dystonia
Marked vertical gaze paresis, facial dystonia, dysarthria, and relatively mild appendicular slowing.
Video 4.22 (C4c25): Advanced PSP with Blepharospasm
Marked vertical gaze palsy, eyelid opening apraxia, blepharospasm, retropulsion, and moderate appendicular bradykinesia.
Video 4.23 (C4c26): PSP with Severe Balance Failure
Profound vertical saccadic defect, spastic dysarthria, inattention, applause sign, and severe postural instability.
Video 4.24 (C4c27): PSP with Emotional Incontinence
Vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, emotional incontinence, severe balance impairment, and difficulty arising.
Video 4.25 (C4c28): PSP with Tectal Thinning
Hypophonic strained speech, marked vertical saccadic impairment, slowed limb movements, and gait requiring assistance.
Video 4.26 (C4c29): Wheelchair-Bound Advanced PSP
Profound vertical gaze palsy, spastic dysarthria, applause sign, severe retropulsion, and dependence for ambulation.
Video 4.27 (C4c31): PSP with Marked Turning Freezing
Mild vertical saccadic slowing, preserved stride, and severe freezing during turning.
Video 4.28 (C4c32): Pathologically Confirmed Early PSP
Mild facial dystonia, subtle vertical gaze slowing, mild bradykinesia, and preserved gait early in the disease course.
Video 4.29 (C4c33): PSP with Isolated Ocular Signs
Marked supranuclear vertical gaze deficit, square wave jerks, gunslinger's gait, and minimal limb parkinsonism.
Video 4.30 (C4c34): PSP with Facial Dystonia
Quizzical stare, facial dystonia, mild vertical gaze limitation, and preserved gait.
Video 4.31 (C4c35): PSP with Cognitive Dysfunction
Micrographia, impaired visuospatial function, vertical gaze impairment, and abnormal pull test with mild limb bradykinesia.
Video 4.32 (C4c36): Very Early PSP
Subtle quizzical stare, mild vertical saccadic slowing, minimal limb involvement, and preserved gait.
Video 4.33 (C4c37): PSP with MRI Tectal Thinning
Marked slowing of vertical saccades, absent vertical OKNs, positive pull test, and characteristic tectal atrophy.
Video 4.34 (C4c38): Mild PSP with Ocular Motor Abnormalities
Mild dysarthria, infrequent square wave jerks, and vertical gaze slowing with impaired vertical OKNs.
Video 4.35 (C4c40): PSP with Macrosaccadic Oscillations
Moderate parkinsonism, prominent square wave jerks, macrosaccadic oscillations, severe vertical gaze palsy, and leg rest tremor.