Video 10.1 (C10c1): Rasmussen Encephalitis with Epilepsia Partialis Continua
Continuous focal facial seizures with left hemiparesis and rhythmic athetotic arm movements.
Video 10.2 (C10c2): Cortical Myoclonus in Corticobasal Syndrome
Action- and position-induced left-hand myoclonus with severe impairment of individuated finger movements.
Video 10.3 (C10c3): Advanced Cortical Myoclonus in Corticobasal Syndrome
Frequent left-arm myoclonic jerks coalescing into near-continuous myoclonic volleys.
Video 10.4 (C10c4): Alzheimer's Disease with Cortical Myoclonus
Cognitive impairment and stimulus/action-induced torso and upper-limb myoclonus.
Video 10.5 (C10c5): Lance-Adams Syndrome (Posthypoxic Myoclonus)
Action and negative myoclonus severely impairing coordination, pouring, and gait.
Video 10.6 (C10c6): Postanoxic Action Myoclonus
Asymmetric action myoclonus affecting handwriting, eating, and pouring tasks.
Video 10.7 (C10c7): Familial Cortical Tremor/Myoclonus with Orthostatic Symptoms
Standing-induced leg myoclonus relieved by walking or light touch.
Video 10.8 (C10c8): Familial Cortical Tremor/Myoclonus Syndrome
Combined cortical myoclonus and essential-tremor-like oscillatory tremor responsive to levetiracetam and primidone.
Video 10.9 (C10c9): Thalamic Asterixis
Left-arm negative myoclonus and action myoclonus following a right thalamic infarction.
Video 10.10 (C10c10): Hereditary Hyperekplexia (Infant)
Exaggerated non-habituating startle responses and Moro reflex responsive to clonazepam.
Video 10.11 (C10c11): Hyperekplexia Animal Model
Poll-Hereford cattle demonstrating hereditary startle disease.
Video 10.12 (C10c12): Severe Reticular Reflex Myoclonus
Devastating posthypoxic proximal and truncal myoclonus causing complete functional dependence.
Video 10.13 (C10c13): Posthypoxic Myoclonus Treated with GPi DBS
Action and negative myoclonus markedly improved after deep brain stimulation.
Video 10.14 (C10c14): Palatal Myoclonus with Ear and Scalp Involvement
Irregular palatal, auricular, and scalp myoclonus.
Video 10.15 (C10c15): Essential Palatal Myoclonus
Fast arrhythmic palatal movements disappearing during speech.
Video 10.16 (C10c16): Progressive Ataxia with Palatal Tremor (PAPT)
Palatal tremor, pendular nystagmus, cerebellar ataxia, and hypertrophic olivary degeneration.
Video 10.17 (C10c17): Oculopalatal Tremor
Horizontal pendular nystagmus with synchronous jaw myoclonus.
Video 10.18 (C10c18): Lower Cranial Myoclonus
Perioral myoclonus relieved by an oral sensory trick.
Video 10.19 (C10c19): Brainstem Myoclonus
SCM and neck muscle myoclonus dependent on jaw position.
Video 10.20 (C10c20): Reticular Brainstem Myoclonus
Synchronous axial and cranial muscle myoclonus arising from the lower brainstem.
Video 10.21 (C10c21): Spinal Segmental Myoclonus of the Trunk
Semi-rhythmic thoracoabdominal myoclonus causing forced expirations.
Video 10.22 (C10c22): Abdominal Spinal Segmental Myoclonus
Stimulus-insensitive abdominal jerks worsened by body position.
Video 10.23 (C10c23): Thoracolumbar Segmental Myoclonus
Abdominal and paraspinal myoclonus generated from the lower thoracic-upper lumbar region.
Video 10.24 (C10c24): Levetiracetam-Responsive Spinal Segmental Myoclonus
Thoracoabdominal myoclonus with dramatic pharmacologic response.
Video 10.25 (C10c25): Paraneoplastic Positive and Negative Myoclonus
Leg myoclonus impairing gait and responsive to alcohol and sodium oxybate.
Video 10.26 (C10c26): Severe Paraneoplastic Gait Myoclonus
Wheelchair-dependent action and negative myoclonus improved by sodium oxybate.
Video 10.27 (C10c27): Propriospinal Myoclonus
Stimulus-triggered bilateral axial and leg jerks with spinal propagation.
Video 10.28 (C10c28): Reflex-Sensitive Propriospinal Myoclonus
Abdominal flexion jerks triggered by exhalation and tendon reflexes.
Video 10.29 (C10c29): Hemifacial Spasm with Synkinesis
Clonic facial contractions with residual facial weakness.
Video 10.30 (C10c30): Hemifacial Spasm with Tonic Closure
Upper and lower facial spasm with Bell phenomenon and synkinesias.
Video 10.31 (C10c31): Classic Hemifacial Spasm
Unilateral tonic and clonic facial contractions with synkinetic movements.
Video 10.32 (C10c32): Secondary Hemifacial Spasm
Right hemifacial spasm caused by a parapontine meningioma.
Video 10.33 (C10c33): Idiopathic Shoulder-Girdle Myoclonus
Intermittent proximal arm myoclonus likely arising from the brachial plexus.
Video 10.34 (C10c34): Painful Shoulder-Girdle Myoclonus
Asynchronous multifocal myoclonus involving proximal arm and shoulder muscles.
Video 10.35 (C10c35): Peripheral Myoclonus of the Quadriceps
Position-dependent quadriceps myoclonus after minor leg injury.
Video 10.36 (C10c36): Peripheral Toe Myoclonus Responsive to Botulinum Toxin
Continuous toe twitching eliminated by targeted ultrasound-guided injections.
Video 10.37 (C10c37): Abdominal Wall Myoclonus
Bilateral anterior abdominal myoclonic contractions while seated.
Video 10.38 (C10c38): Paraspinal Myoclonus Responsive to Botulinum Toxin
Large-amplitude posterior trunk jerks relieved by ultrasound-guided injections.
Video 10.39 (C10c39): Lumbar Myoclonus Treated with Botulinum Toxin
Lower back muscle myoclonus improved markedly after targeted treatment.
Video 10.40 (C10c40): Myoclonus-Dystonia (SGCE Mutation)
Childhood action myoclonus with subtle foot dystonia and confirmed SGCE mutation.
Video 10.41 (C10c41): Severe Myoclonus-Dystonia
Disabling action myoclonus affecting arms, trunk, and gait.
Video 10.42 (C10c42): Treated Myoclonus-Dystonia
Mild residual myoclonus and writer's dystonia improved by trihexyphenidyl.
Video 10.43 (C10c43): Oscillatory Myoclonus in Myoclonus-Dystonia
Violent task-induced proximal myoclonus affecting the neck, shoulders, and trunk.
Video 10.44 (C10c44): Axial Myoclonus-Dystonia
Position-triggered truncal myoclonus without obvious resting dystonia.
Video 10.45 (C10c45): GPi DBS for Myoclonus-Dystonia
Standing-induced truncal myoclonus abolished by pallidal stimulation.
Video 10.46 (C10c46): Asymmetric Myoclonus-Dystonia
Right-sided limb, neck, and gait-limiting myoclonus dramatically improved by DBS.
Video 10.47 (C10c47): Mild Myoclonus-Dystonia
Task-specific bilateral action myoclonus highlighted by writing and pouring.
Video 10.48 (C10c48): Myoclonus in Static Encephalopathy
Generalized movement-triggered myoclonus involving trunk and limbs.
Video 10.49 (C10c49): Alcohol Withdrawal Myoclonus
Generalized positive and negative myoclonus resolving with benzodiazepine treatment.
Video 10.50 (C10c50): Amantadine-Induced Myoclonus
Facial, neck, and action myoclonus resolving after drug withdrawal.
Video 10.51 (C10c51): Rasmussen Encephalitis with EPC and Dystonia
Facial epilepsia partialis continua, limb dystonia, and transient IVIG responsiveness.
Video 10.52 (C10c52): Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome (OMAS)
Opsoclonus, myoclonus, and ataxia with complete recovery after immunotherapy.
Video 10.53 (C10c53): OMAS
Opsoclonus accompanied by limb myoclonus and gait ataxia responsive to IVIG and steroids.
Video 10.54 (C10c54): Mild OMAS
Pursuit-induced opsoclonus, intention myoclonus, and broad-based gait.
Video 10.55 (C10c55): Jerking Stiff-Person Syndrome
Anti-GAD-positive stiffness with reflex-induced truncal myoclonus and gait fearfulness.
Video 10.56 (C10c56): Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE)
Regular myoclonic-opisthotonic jerks occurring every few seconds.
Video 10.57 (C10c57): Advanced SSPE
Sparse periodic myoclonic jerks in a minimally conscious patient.
Video 10.58 (C10c58): Whipple Disease with Oculomasticatory Myorhythmia
Pendular convergence nystagmus synchronized with masticatory movements.
Video 10.59 (C10c59): Whipple Disease with Limb Myorhythmia
Rhythmic upper-limb movements and supranuclear vertical gaze impairment.
Video 10.60 (C10c60): Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with Cortical Myoclonus
Face and limb myoclonus, Babinski signs, and cortical ribboning on MRI.
Video 10.61 (C10c61): CJD with Alien Limb and Myoclonus
Myoclonus, negative myoclonus, cortical sensory dysfunction, and alien-limb phenomena.
Video 10.62 (C10c62): Reticular Reflex Myoclonus (Posthypoxic)
Proximal positive and negative myoclonus with severe action-induced disability.
Video 10.63 (C10c63): Chronic Lance-Adams Syndrome
Residual action myoclonus with cerebellar signs and touch-responsive gait instability.
Video 10.64 (C10c64): Severe Mixed Cortical and Subcortical Posthypoxic Myoclonus
Profound action myoclonus causing near-complete functional dependence.
Video 10.65 (C10c65): Alcohol-Responsive Posthypoxic Myoclonus
Severe action and negative myoclonus dramatically improving with alcohol and sodium oxybate.
Video 10.66 (C10c66): Severe Lance-Adams Syndrome Responsive to Sodium Oxybate
Extreme truncal and appendicular myoclonus improved by oxybate and GPi DBS.
Video 10.67 (C10c67): Posthypoxic Myoclonus Improved by Sodium Oxybate
Action and gait-limiting myoclonus with acute improvement after treatment.
Video 10.68 (C10c68): Severe Task-Induced Posthypoxic Myoclonus
Target-dependent action myoclonus preventing standing and purposeful hand use.
Video 10.69 (C10c70): Postanoxic Myoclonus with Dystonia
Action myoclonus and dystonia interfering with writing, pouring, and coordination.
Video 10.70 (C10c71): Severe Postanoxic Myoclonus
Action, dystonic, positive, and negative myoclonus causing assisted ambulation.
Video 10.71 (C10c72): EPM1 (Unverricht-Lundborg Disease)
Generalized action myoclonus with excellent response to levetiracetam.
Video 10.72 (C10c73): Advanced EPM1
Myoclonus, dysarthria, cerebellar signs, and treatment-resistant epilepsy.
Video 10.73 (C10c74): MERRF Syndrome
Positive and negative myoclonus worsened by action and standing.
Video 10.74 (C10c75): NUS1-Related Myoclonus Syndrome
Task-specific action myoclonus with preserved gait and cognition.
Video 10.75 (C10c76): Sialidosis Type I
Action myoclonus associated with cherry-red macular spots.
Video 10.76 (C10c77): Sialidosis Type I with Ocular Motor Abnormalities
Nystagmus, mild myoclonus, and wide-based gait.
Video 10.77 (C10c78): Severe Sialidosis Type I
Stimulus-sensitive intention myoclonus and asterixis severely affecting fine motor tasks.